Antyesti (IAST: Antye ?? i, Sanskrit: ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? refers to the funeral ritual for the dead in Hinduism. The transition rite is one of the traditional Inp race in the life of a Hindu. It is also referred to as Antima Sanskar , Anthems , Anvarohanyya , or as Vahni Sanskara .
Details of Anthesti ceremonies depend on the territory, caste, sex and age of the deceased.
Video Antyesti
Etimologi
Antye ?? i (??????????) is a combined Sanskrit word of antya and i ?? i , each of which means "last" and "sacrifice". Together, the word means "the ultimate sacrifice". Similarly, the phrase Antima Sanskara literally means "last holy ceremony, or last ritual".
Maps Antyesti
Scriptures
The Antyesti transitional rite is structured around the premise in ancient Hindu literature that the microcosm of all living things is a reflection of the macrocosm of the universe. The soul (Atman, Brahman) is the essence and eternal being released at Antyeshti's ritual, but the body and the universe are vehicles and temporary in various Hindu schools. The human body and the universe are made up of five elements in the Hindu text - air, water, fire, earth and space. The last transitional rite restores the body to its five elements and its origins. The root of this belief is found in the Vedas, for example in the Rveda spiritual chant in section 10.16, as follows,
The last ritual of the cemetery, in the case of a child's death, is rooted in the Rig Veda section 10.18, where the song of praise compliments the child's death, praying to the god of Mrityu to "not harm our daughters and our sons", and beg the earth for cover, protect the dead child as soft wool.
Traditional practices
The last rite is usually completed within one day of death. Although the practice varies among sects, generally, the body is washed, wrapped in white cloth, if the dead are male or widow, or red cloth, if it is a woman whose husband is alive, his toes are tied together with rope and Tilak (red, yellow or white mark) placed on the forehead. Dead bodies of dead adults were taken to the cremation ground near rivers or water, by family and friends, and laid on wooden piles with feet facing south.
The eldest son, or the mourning man, or a priest - called the main cremator or mourning leader - then bathed himself before leading the cremation ceremony. He surrounds the dry wooden ridge with his body, speaks or reads a hymn, puts sesame seeds or rice in the dead man's mouth, pours the body and pile of wood with ghee (clarified butter), then draws three lines indicating Yama (god of death), Kala (time, cremation deity) and the dead. Before lighting a fire, the ground pot is filled with water, and the mourner leads around the body with it, before throwing a pot over his shoulder so that it breaks near his head. After the wood pile is on fire, the main escort and the nearest relative may surround the burning one or more times. The ceremony is summed up by the main cremator, during the ritual, is kapala kriya , or a stabbing skull ritual with a fire stick (bamboo fire poker) to make a hole or break it, in order to release the spirit.
Anyone who attends the cremation, and is exposed to bodies or smoke cremation baths as soon as possible after cremation, because the cremation ritual is considered unclean and polluted. Ash collected from cremation then purified to the nearest river or sea.
In some areas, male relatives of the deceased shave their heads and invite all friends and family, on the tenth or twelfth day, to eat simple food together to remember the deceased. Today, in some communities, it also marks the day when the needy and needy food is offered to commemorate the dead.
Burial In Hinduism : In addition to the form of cremation methods there is a large sect in Hinduism that follows the burial of the dead. Ritual preparations are more or less similar to cremation ie washing the body, applying vibuthi or chandam on the forehead etc, but instead of cremating, the deceased person is buried. The body is either placed in a sleeping position or in some shivite and tribal traditions is in a sitting position folded legs and arms resting on the thighs simulating the meditation position. The burial pits are set up in a community cemetery called Shmashana, usually located outside the town or village. Some rich people will bury their dead in their own fields. The burial pit for sleeping positions is generally three feet wide and six feet long and for the sitting position is three feet three feet. As a rule of thumb in all sects unchanged, the saints buried in a sitting position in a separate place where later in samadhi was built which became the place of worship.
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The cremation ground is called Shmashana (in Sanskrit), and it is traditionally located near a river, if not on the river's own edge. Those who can afford it can go to special holy places such as Kashi (Varanasi), Haridwar, Allahabad, Sri Rangam, Brahmaputra on Ashokastami and Rameswaram occasions to complete this ashes immersion ritual into the water.
Modern practices
Both manual bamboo and electric cremation are used for Hindu cremation. For the latter, the body is kept on a bamboo frame on the rails near the electric room door. After cremation, the mourners collect the ashes and consecrate them to bodies of water, such as rivers or seas.
Hindu community outside India
Discrimination in the colonial era
The Hindus were brought to Trinidad as contract laborers for plantations between 1845 and 1917, by the British colonial government, suffering discriminatory laws that did not allow cremation, and other rites of marriage such as traditional marriage, because the colonial officials regarded this as unbelievers and uncivilized. barbaric practices. The non-Hindu government further does not permit the construction of crematoriums. After decades of social organization and petition, the Hindus from Trinidad gained permission to practice their traditional rituals including Antyesti in the 1950s, and built the first crematorium in the 1980s.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, it was previously illegal to do Hindu cremation outside the traditional house under the 1902 Cremation Act, with Hindus having to cremate their corpses in an indoor crematorium instead. In 2006, Daven Ghai, a British Hindu who had been denied the right to have a traditional funeral by the Newcastle City Council, took the case to court where he claimed that the applicable law in fact allowed open air cremation, as long as they were in several buildings closed and away from the public. The High Court's decision did not agree with his claim, and the then Justice Secretary Jack Straw stated that the British public would be "unhappy that human remains are burned in this way." Nonetheless, after taking him to the Court of Appeal in 2010, the judge, Lord Justice Neuberger, decided that such cremation would be legal under the 1902 Act, as long as it was done inside the building, even the open. After his victory, Ghai told reporters that "I always declare that I want to clarify the law, do not violate or disrespect it" and expressed regret over the amount that has been prosecuted by the court over taxpayers. He stated that he is grateful that he now has "the right to be cremated by the sun that shines on my body and my son lit a bonfire" and he and other Hindus and Sikhs in the country have begun an investigation to find a site on which they can performing a funeral ceremony.
See also
References
Further reading
- S. P. Gupta: The Disposal of the Dead and the Physical Type in Ancient India (1971)
External links
- Cremation Logic in the Indic Context: Anthropological Analysis, Roger Ballard, United Kingdom, High Court ordered an analysis of the demands for the right to traditional Hindu and Sikh cremation rites in England (2006). ), with Supplemental and Additional submissions to the Court, Heidelberg University Archive
- My father's Hindu funeral, Tanith Carey, The Guardian (2011)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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