Plug nozzle

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The plug nozzle is a type of nozzle that includes a centerbody or pairs around which the working fluid flows. The nozzle plug has applications in airplanes, rockets, and many other fluid streams.

Video Plug nozzle

Hose

The public park hose trigger nozzle is a simple example of a plug nozzle and its method of operation. In this example the nozzle consists of a cone-shaped or belled opening with a plug on a removable rod placed in front of the nozzle. The plug looks similar to a popup valve. The valve rod goes back through the nozzle body to the "trigger", usually a long lever running behind the back of the nozzle. The spring makes the valve push the opening under normal use, thereby providing a cut-off failsafe that stops the flow of water when the nozzle is dropped.

When water is passed into the hose, water flows through the nozzle body to the hole, where it usually flows straight forward in the flow. Only after leaving the aperture was finding a plug, which banked the water sideways through the corners. After traveling a short distance, the water meets the outside of the nozzle opening, which diverges it forward again. This two-step process causes water to be expelled in a ring-shaped pattern, which causes less water to strike a single location, thus reducing erosion while also facilitating watering of larger areas.

The shape of the plug and the opening of the nozzle allow the adjustable angle of the ring. Usually this is shaped so that when the plug is pulled back towards the opening it cuts off some of the water flow, causing it to spread to the widest possible angle. This can be used to "obscure" the plant. When the trigger is pushed further, the plug moves away from the opening, causing less blockage and flow disruption, eventually allowing water to reshape the stream.

Maps Plug nozzle

In a rocket

The nozzle plug belongs to a class of elevation compensating nozzles like aerospike which, unlike traditional design, maintains efficiency at varying altitudes.

Similar to a garden hose example, the plug nozzle uses a rocket-shaped nozzle with a poppet-shaped plug to allow the rocket's muffler pattern to be changed. This is used to adjust altitude changes; at lower altitudes, the plugs are pulled backwards to cause the exhaust to spread, while at higher altitudes the lower air pressure will cause this to occur naturally. An alternative construction for the same basic concept is to use two nozzles, one in the other, and adjust the distance between them. This pattern has the advantage of better control over the cooling and simpler cooling arrangements.

Confusingly, the term "plug nozzle" can also be used to refer to a completely different class of machine nozzles, aerospices. Theoretically, aerospike should look rough like a spear. with a broad base and a long tapering forman. However, the "spike" section can be truncated with only a small effect on performance, leaving only the base. It looks very similar to a common drain plug or bung, and leads to the widespread use of the term "plug nozzle" for this design as well.

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On the plane

Plug nozzles used in aircraft typically with jet engines - body protective movements Junie Jumo 004 Zwiebel (onion) being a pioneering example, providing variable geometry shapes with its muffler - both due to the circular shape of the turbine exhaust and for altitude compensation characteristics they. For high-speed aircraft, translating the external plug or cowl provides a means of controlling the area with relatively simple actuation. The nozzle plug has been shown to provide noise reduction compared to traditional convergent-divergent nozzles. Weight and cooling are typical concerns with plane nozzle connectors.

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See also

• Bel nozzle
• Aerospace machine
• Develop a nozzle

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Further reading

• Aerospike Engine, Jeff Scott, Fall 1999. This paper provides an extensive overview of various designs of compensation nozzle height.

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia