The cemetery in Islam (called Janazah in Arabic) follows a fairly specific rite, although they are subject to regional interpretation and variation in custom. In all cases, however, sharia (Islamic law) calls for the burial of the body as soon as possible, preceded by a simple ritual involving bathing and enveloping the body, followed by prayer. Funerals usually occur within 24 hours after death to protect the living from any sanitary problems, except in the case of a person killed in combat or when suspicion is fraudulent; in those cases it is important to determine the cause of death before burial. Cremation of the body is prohibited.
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Islamic funeral rituals General
Funeral rituals should usually be done as soon as possible and include:
- The collective bath of the corpse, except in exceptional circumstances as in the battle of Uhud.
- Cover the corpse with cotton or white linen.
- Funeral Prayer (?????????).
- Burial burial in the cemetery.
- Positioned the deceased so that the head faces Mecca (Makkah Al-Mukarramah).
Bathe the deceased
The body was washed ( ghusl , bathed), in order to physically clean the deceased. The exact way: the methods, styles and accessories used to bathe the corpse may vary based on local and temporal position, except that it must be done with hot water. Bathing corpses is an important ritual of the Sunnah of the Prophet of Islam Muhammad, and therefore is part of Sharia Islam. This should happen as soon as possible after death, preferably within a few hours.
The orthodox practice is to wash the body several times oddly (at least once) with the cloth covering the awrah (the part of the body that should be hidden according to Sharia).
"Washing" is generally an adult member of a close family, who has the same gender as the one who died. In cases of mortality or cruel accident, in which the deceased suffers trauma or mutilation, the health facility improves the body and wraps it with a shroud to minimize fluid leakage before passing it on to mourners for washing.
Unify the deceased
Bodies are usually wrapped in simple plain cloth ( shroud ). This is done to honor the dignity and privacy of the deceased with a family that is sometimes present. Specificities of this ritual, including fabric materials, styles, and colors, may vary in different regions. However, the shroud should be simple and simple. It is for this reason that Muslims generally prefer to use white cotton cloth to serve as shrouds. Men may only use three pieces of cloth and women five pieces of cloth.
The deceased can be kept in this country for several hours, allowing well-wishers to convey their respects and condolences.
Funeral Prayer
The Muslims from the community gathered to offer their prayer for the forgiveness of the dead. This prayer is generally termed Salat al-Janazah (Janazah prayer).
Janazah prayer is as follows:
- like Idul Fitri, prayer Janazah combines an additional (four) Takbir, Arabic name for the phrase Allah Akbar , but > no Ruku '( bent ) and Sujud ( prostrate ).
- Help for the deceased and humankind is read.
- In exceptional circumstances, prayers can be postponed and prayed at a later time as did the Uhud War.
- Dogma states that it is mandatory for any Muslim adult male to perform a funeral prayer after the death of a Muslim, but the dogma includes practice in that it qualifies, when the Janazah performed by the couple relieves that obligation for everyone.
Cemetery
The deceased is then taken for burial ( al-Dafin ). Appropriate ways, customs and grave styles, burials and so on may vary according to local customs.
The grave should be at right angles toward the Qiblah (ie Mecca) so that the body, placed in a grave without a coffin lying on its right side, faces the Qiblah. Cemetery markers should be raised, no more than 30 cm (12 inches) above the ground, so the grave will not run or sit. Simple markers, because a luxurious look is not recommended in Islam. Graves are often marked only with simple wreaths, if at all. However, it became more common for family members to erect tomb monuments.
In Middle Eastern cultures, women are generally barred from participating in funeral processions. The reason for this is that in pre-Islamic Arabia it is a custom in Arabia because the sad women mourn loudly. Wealthy families often even hire 'sailors' to attend the funeral of their deceased relatives. Wailing at the cemetery is not allowed according to Sahih Bukhari.
Three fist-size balls from hand-packed ground prepared by grave diggers are used as props, one under the head, one under the chin and one under the shoulder. Lowering the corpse and the position of the ball-land is done by the closest relatives. In the case of a deceased husband, a brother or sister-in-law usually performs this task. In the case of a deceased wife, the husband does this if it is physically capable. If the husband is elderly, then the eldest son of man (or son-in-law) is responsible for reducing, harmonizing and supporting the deceased.
Orthodoxy expects those present to symbolically pour three handfuls of soil into the grave while reciting the Qur'anic verse in Arabic which means "We created you from it, and returned you into it, and from it we will raise you a second time". More prayers are then said, asking for the forgiveness of the dead, and reminding the dead of their faith profession.
The corpse was then buried entirely by grave diggers, who might staple or pat the tomb to form. Generally the oldest man will be watching. After the funeral, the Muslims who gather to pay tribute to the dead collectively pray for the forgiveness of the dead. This joint prayer is the last formal collective prayer for the dead. In some cultures, such as the Muslims of Southeast Asia, the surviving members of dead and fragrant sprinklers rise above the grave as the final act before leaving the grave.
Mourning
According to orthodoxy, loved ones and relatives must observe a 3-day mourning period. The grief of Islam is observed by increasing devotion, accepting visitors and condolences, and avoiding decorative clothing and jewelry according to the Qur'an. Widows observed extended periods of mourning (iddah, waiting period ), 4 months and 10 days. During that time, the widow does not remarry or interact with non-mahram (the man she can marry). This rule to confirm that the woman is not pregnant with her deceased son before marrying again. However, in an emergency such as visiting a doctor due to a health emergency, widows can interact with non-mahram.
Grief over the death of a loved one and the cry of the dead is normal and acceptable.
Islam expects the expression of sadness to remain dignified, forbidding loud mourning (receding refers to mourning in a loud voice), screaming, smacking chests and cheeks, tearing hair or clothing, breaking objects, scratching faces or uttering sentences that make a Muslim lose faith.. Many latitudes are given in practice for those who mourn, and such behavior is seldom censored.
Referrals for widows
The Qur'an forbade the widows to engage themselves for four lunar months and ten days, after the death of their husbands. According to the Qur'an:
And for those of you who die and leave the widows behind, they have to wait for four months and ten days. Then when they have fulfilled their terms, there is nothing wrong with you about what they do with themselves in accordance with the [community] norms. And God gets acquainted with what you do. And also there is no mistake on you if you secretly send marriage applications to these women or keep it in your heart. God knows that you will definitely talk to them. [Do it] but do not make a secret contract. Of course you can say something in accordance with the norms [of society]. And do not decide to marry until the law reaches his term. And know that Allah has knowledge of what is in your heart; so fear Him and know that Allah is Oft-Forgiving and Most Merciful.
Islamic scholars regard this directive as a balance between mourning the death of a husband and the protection of a widow from cultural or civic condemnation if he is interested in remarriage after the death of her husband, often an economic necessity. This provision also applies to protect the property rights of the unborn baby, since the duration is sufficient to ascertain whether a widow is pregnant or not.
Husbands are encouraged to produce wills in favor of their wives for the provision of one-year shelter and maintenance, unless the wives themselves leave home or take other similar measures. As stated in the Qur'an:
And for those of you who die and leave widows must bequeath to their widows a year supply and [inherit] that [in this period] they will not be turned away from their abode; but if they themselves leave the shelter, there is no mistake on you for what they do with themselves in accordance with the norms of society. And Allah is Most High, Wise.
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See also
- Funeral at sea
- Funeral
- Wadi-us-Salaam
- Majmuna Stone
References
Bibliography
- Ghamidi, Javed (2001). Mizan . Dar al-Ishraq. OCLCĂƒ, 52901690.
- Amin Ahsan Islahi, Tadabbur-i-Qur'an, 2nd ed., vol. 1, (Lahore: Faran Foundation, 1986)
External links
- Islamic Funeral Ceremony
- Preparation for the Prayer of the Deceased and Janazah
- MuslimLiving.org
- Cases where excavation is allowed, according to Ja'fari fiqh: Digging the body of my dead sister
- The Ritual of Death of Islam
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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