Nasal Irrigation , or nasal lavage or nasal douche , is a personal hygiene practice in which nasal cavities are washed to clear mucus and dirt from the nose and sinuses. This practice is generally well tolerated and is reported to be beneficial only with mild side effects. Nasal irrigation in the broader sense may also refer to the use of nasal spray saline or nebulizers to moisten the mucous membrane.
According to supporters, nasal irrigation improves good sinus and nose health. Patients with chronic sinusitis include symptoms of facial pain, headache, mouth smelling, cough, anterior rinore (dilute fluid) and nasal congestion are reported to often find nasal irrigation to provide relief. In published studies, "irrigation of daily hypertonic saline nose improves sin-related quality of life, reduces symptoms, and reduces drug use in patients with frequent sinusitis," and irrigation is recommended as an adjunctive treatment for chronic sinonasal symptoms.
Video Nasal irrigation
Medical use
Nasal irrigation is used for various sinus and nasal symptoms.
Chronic sinusitis
For chronic sinusitis can be an effective additional therapy. It is also reported as an effective action against chronic sinus symptoms caused by workplace exposure to sawdust. Further evidence suggests that nasal irrigation causes relief for hay fever and common cold. Nasal irrigation can also be an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis and chronic sinusitis.
Nasal nasal and sinus rinse with a brine solution (0.9% non-iodized sodium chloride mixture and purified or warmed water to about 37 ° C/98 ° F, with or without the inclusion of a buffer agent such as sodium bicarbonate) is recommended both as an adjunct and major treatment in such cases and is preferable for the use of corticosteroids except in the most serious cases of acute bacterial sinusitis. Irrigation should be used with caution in infants; However, saline or saline drops as a mist are well tolerated for infants and children with upper respiratory tract symptoms that cause nasal congestion. Filtered water can also be used with absolute filtration up to 0.1 microns.
Treatment guidelines in Canada and the United States recommend the use of nasal irrigation for all causes of rhinosinusitis and postoperative nasal cavity cleansing.
Rhinitis
Utilizing sinus rinse and nasal irrigation is well received to relieve symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. The mechanism of action is flushing the actual allergen from the nasal and sinus channels with large volume copy irrigation.
Acute upper respiratory infections
There is transient evidence for the benefits of saline irrigation in acute upper respiratory infections such as frostbite and acute sinusitis.
Sinus operation
Sinus surgery can improve the effectiveness of sinus irrigation. The large volume of nasal saline irrigation as sinus flushing is the preferred method.
Maps Nasal irrigation
Method
The simplest method is to sniff the water from the cupped hands, but it's a bit clearer than the nostrils. Commercially available nasal spray application is another alternative, but it is relatively inefficient for cleaning dirt, although it may be sufficient for simple rehydration of mucus and tissue.
Another simple yet effective technique is to pour salt solution into one nostril and let it out through another hole while the mouth remains open for breathing, using gravity as a relief. Nets , which means cleaning the nose with water, is an ancient yogic technique from India. The container used to manage saline is called "neti pot". This process removes mucus and dirt and cleans the nose. The second net technique known as net silk uses a string instead of water.
Neti pots are usually made of metal, glass, ceramic or plastic. They rely on gravity, along with head position and repetitive exercise to rinse the outer sinus cavity. Usually they have a drain that sticks near the bottom, sometimes with a handle on the opposite side.
Various squeezer bottles for nasal irrigation have also been used. The basic design is a plastic squeeze bottle with a tube like straw. Soft pressure applications force the solution through the tube and out from the tip to the nostrils. Newer designs use valves to prevent backwash contamination. The medical literature shows that most of the nasal wash bottles are contaminated after use, even with proper instructions for cleaning. The most powerful squeeze bottles use valve technology and removable top and bottom caps to maximize cleaning and drying to prevent bacterial and fungal growth after use.
Filter bulb can also be used. Irrigation injecting tubes are generally used for infants and children. A large syringe device with a specially designed nose tip can also be used for nasal irrigation. Irrigation machines that utilize electric motor pumps are also available. This irrigation device pumps a brine solution through a tube, with respect to the tip of the nose adapter designed to seal the nostrils. Some of these engines allow for adjustment of water volume/speed by using adjustment buttons that regulate the speed and volume of pumps per minute. Most of these engines use pulsatile or pumping action of water pulsation at a relatively low, predetermined fixed rate of cyclic, designed to match the normal, unobstructed level of normal, healthy nasal cilia. This suitable pulse is claimed to stimulate ciliary nasal hair and promote better sinus health, while reducing the severity of allergic reactions. More sophisticated motor irrigation has two or more pulse cycle arrangements that regulate the actual pulse cycle (compared to a simple volume/speed control, which does not change the cyclic rate of the pulse). This design gives the user the option to use a higher cyclic level of pulse when suffering partially sealed sinus, as in typical cases of acute sinusitis. The efficacy of all motorized pump irrigators has not been tested compared to mechanical mechanical nose irrigation methods that are simpler.
Solution used
While nasal irrigation can be done using ordinary tap water, it is potentially unsafe and can be uncomfortable because it irritates the mucous membranes. Therefore, an isotonic or hypertonic salt water solution is usually used, ie water with salt sufficient to adjust the tonicity of body and blood cells. For the same reason, warm water is preferred over cold water, which besides irritating the nasal membrane can also exaggerate the gag reflex during irrigation. The use of distilled water, sterile or previously boiled and cooled over tap water is usually recommended. A small amount of baking soda is sometimes used as a buffer agent to neutralize the pH of the aqueous solution.
Many pharmacies produce pre-salt sachets of salt and baking soda pharmaceutical classes designed for use with water volume in the appropriate device. It's also easy to make a mixture of salt baking soda.
Potential allergens, such as iodine, or contaminants should be avoided in sodium chloride, water, and buffer materials. Pre-brewing dosage solution dosage solutions may be purchased, or users may mix non-iodized 'kosher' salts, with or without buffering substances such as sodium bicarbonate or baking soda. (Table salt is often iodized.)
Drug combined
A number of other compounds may be included in irrigation fluids such as steroid budesonide in an attempt to treat chronic rhinosinusitis.
Adverse effects
Solutions used for irrigation must be distilled, sterilized or previously boiled because of the risks involved with using potentially contaminated water. If this is done, the procedure is generally safe.
Death has been reported as a consequence of using Naegleria fowleri - water contamination for sinus irrigation. Very few cases of naegleriasis (in hundreds of low) have ever occurred globally; in the United States, although two in 2011 deaths in Louisiana (both from the same processing plant), no cases have ever been recorded involving tap water from normally treated equipment where the water heater has raised temperatures above 50 Â ° C/120 Â ° F. Naegleria fowleri in unsterilized water can cause primary brain infection of amoebic meningoencephalitis (naegleriasis), which carries 95% mortality risk.
Action mechanism
Saline solution used in nasal irrigation reduces inflammation through osmosis. Swelling is a major factor in sinus dysfunction. Eliminating mucus plays an important role in sinus health, and nasal irrigation facilitates this by removing the thickened mucus that cilia can not handle. improve mucociliary clearance and also remove infected material. Damage to the mucociliary transport system is an important factor in the development of sinonasal disease, which causes stasis of mucus. Many of the proteins found in nasal mucus include inflammatory mediators, defensin and many whose functions are not understood.
In a study of eight healthy volunteers, the solution was reliably transported to the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses when grunted or applied with a squeeze bottle; nebulizer is significantly less effective. Sphenoid and frontal sinuses are rarely achieved, and not at all with the nebulizer.
Flushing the nasal cavity with salt water has been claimed to promote mucociliary clearance by moistening the nasal cavity and by removing the encrusted material, although there is no clear evidence to support this.
History
The earliest records of nasal irrigation are found in ancient Hindu Indian Ayurvedic practices whose roots are traced to the Vedas. It is the custom to do the net daily, as part of the soucha (personal hygiene according to the scriptures).
See also
- Post-nasal drip
- Neti (Hatha Yoga)
References
External links
- Instruction, study and video University of Wisconsin
- Irrigation nose with a plastic syringe
- Saline nasal irrigation: Its role as an additional treatment
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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