Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated in Canada, the United States, some Caribbean islands, and Liberia. It started as a thankful day for the harvest blessings and the year before. Similarly the holiday festivals are named happening in Germany and Japan. Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada and on Thursday the fourth of November in the United States, and about the same part of the year elsewhere. Although Thanksgiving has historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, it has long been celebrated as a secular holiday as well.
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Histori
Prayers of thanksgiving and special thanksgiving ceremonies are common among almost all religions after harvest and at other times. The history of the Thanksgiving holiday in North America is rooted in English traditions stemming from the Protestant Reformation. It also has a harvest festival aspect, though the harvest in New England takes place long before the end date of November where the modern Thanksgiving holiday is celebrated.
In the English tradition, thanksgiving and special thanksgiving services became important during the British Reformation during Henry VIII's reign and in response to a large number of religious holidays on the Catholic calendar. Before 1536 there were 95 Church holidays, plus 52 Sunday, when people were asked to attend church and not work and sometimes pay for expensive celebrations. The Reformation of 1536 reduced the number of Church holidays to 27, but some Puritans wanted to completely eliminate all Church holidays, including Christmas and Easter. The holidays will be replaced by special Fast Times or Thanksgiving Days, in response to events that Puritans see as special precautions. An unexpected disaster or threat of judgment from above called for the Day of Fasting. Special blessings, seen as coming from God, call for Thanksgiving. For example, the Day of Fasting was called on account of the drought in 1611, floods in 1613, and plagues in 1604 and 1622. Thanksgiving days were called following the victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588 and following the release of Queen Anne in 1705. The unusual annual Thanksgiving Day begins in 1606 after the failure of the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 and developed into Guy Fawkes Day on 5 November.
In Canada
According to some historians, the first Thanksgiving celebration in North America occurred during the 1578 Martin Frobisher cruise of England to search for the Northwest Passage. Other researchers, however, stated that "there is no compelling narrative about the origins of Canada's Thanksgiving Day."
The origins of Canadian Thanksgiving are also sometimes traced to French settlers who came to New France in the 17th century, who celebrated the success of their harvest. French settlers in the area usually hold parties at the end of the harvest season and continue throughout the winter, even sharing food with the natives of the area.
When the settlers arrived in Nova Scotia from New England after 1700, Thanksgiving in late fall became commonplace. New immigrants to countries - such as Ireland, Scotland, and Germany - also added their own traditions to the harvest festivities. Most aspects of the US from Thanksgiving (such as turkeys) were included when the British Empire Loyalists began to flee the United States during the American Revolution and settled in Canada.
In the United States
In the United States, the tradition of the modern Thanksgiving holiday is traced to the rarely documented 1621 celebrations in Plymouth in Massachusetts today, as well as to the well-recorded 1619 events in Virginia. Plymouth parties and gratitude in 1621 were driven by good harvest. Pilgrims and Puritans who began emigrating from England in the 1620s and 1630s brought the tradition of Days of Fasting and Days of Thanksgiving with them to New England. The arrival of 1619 of 38 British settlers at Berkeley Hundred in Charles City County, Virginia, ended with a religious celebration as determined by the group charter of the London Company, which specifically requires "that the day of our ship's arrival at the assigned place.. in the land of Virginia should every year and kept holy as a day of thanksgiving to Almighty God. "
A few Thanksgiving days were held in early New England history that had been identified as "First Thanksgiving", including Pilgrim holidays in Plymouth in 1621 and 1623, and the Puritan holiday in Boston in 1631. According to historian Jeremy Bangs, director of the American Pilgrim Museum of Leiden, affected by witnessing Thanksgiving's annual service to relieve the siege of Leiden in 1574, when they lived in Leiden. Now called October Feesten, The autumn celebration of Leiden in 1617 is an opportunity for sectarian disruption that seems to have accelerated the plans of the pilgrims to emigrate to America. Later in Massachusetts, the religious thanksgiving service was declared by civilian leaders such as the Governor of Bradford, who planned a colonial and fast celebration celebration in 1623. The practice of holding an annual harvest festival was not an ordinary affair in New England until the late 1660s.
The Thanksgiving proclamation was made mostly by church leaders in New England until 1682, and later by state and church leaders until after the American Revolution. During the revolution, political influence affected the publication of the Thanksgiving proclamation. Various proclamations were made by the governor of the kingdom, John Hancock, General George Washington, and Continental Congress, each thanking God for events favorable to their cause. As President of the United States, George Washington proclaimed the first national celebration of celebration in America marking November 26, 1789, "as a day of thanksgiving and public prayer, to be observed by acknowledging with a grateful heart many and signaling help from God Almighty".
Debate about the nation's first celebration
The question of where the first Thanksgiving was held in the United States has been a subject of debate, especially between New England and Virginia, complicated by the concept of Thanksgiving as a holiday celebration versus a religious service. James Baker maintains, "the true American holiday is the New England Calvinistic Thanksgiving, not to be added to the Sabbath meeting, the Puritan celebration of special days set aside for a week for gratitude and praise in response to God's providence." Baker called the debate a "tempest in beans" and "extraordinary nonsense" based on regional claims. However, the day for a special Thanksgiving service codified in the Berkeley founding charter One hundred and forty years old was instrumental in the efforts of President John F. Kennedy to attack the compromise between regional claims, by issuing the Proclamation 3560 on November 5, 1963, stating, "For three centuries ago, our ancestors in Virginia and in Massachusetts, away from home in a deserted desert, set aside a time of gratitude, on the appointed day, they gave honorable blessings for their salvation, for the health of their children, for the fertility of their fields, for love who bind them together, and for the faith that unites them with their Lord. "
Other claims include previous religious service by the Spanish explorers in Texas at San Elizario in 1598. Robyn Gioia and Michael Gannon of the University of Florida argue that the earliest Thanksgiving service in the present place of the United States was celebrated by Spain on September 8, 1565, in Saint Augustine , Florida today.
Fix a holiday date
Previous Thanksgiving in Canada is often associated with the beginning of winter in North Korea, thus ending the harvest season early. Thanksgiving in Canada did not have a fixed date until the end of the 19th century. Prior to the Canadian Confederation, many individual colonial governors of Canadian provinces have declared their own Thanksgiving days. The first official Canadian Thanksgiving took place on April 15, 1872, when the country celebrated the Prince's recovery from Wales from a serious illness. At the end of the 19th century, Thanksgiving Day is usually celebrated on 6 November. However, when World War I ended, the Day of Armistice Day is usually held during the same week. To prevent two vacations colliding with each other, in 1957 the Canadian Parliament proclaimed Thanksgiving to be observed on this day on the second Monday of October. Since 1971, when the Holiday Holiday Uniform Holiday Act came into effect, the Columbus Day celebrations in America coincided with Thanksgiving in Canada.
Just like in Canada, Thanksgiving in the United States is observed at various dates throughout history. From the time of Founding Fathers to Lincoln's time, the date of Thanksgiving is observed to vary from state to state. The last Thursday of November has been the custom date of most US states in the early nineteenth century, coinciding with and finally replacing the existing Evacuation Day (the day commemorating the British exit from the United States after the Revolutionary War). Modern Thanksgiving was first formally called in all states in 1863 by the proclamation of president Abraham Lincoln. Influenced by the campaign of writer Sarah Josepha Hale, who wrote letters to politicians for some 40 years trying to make it an official holiday, Lincoln proclaimed the date to be the last Thursday in November in an effort to foster a sense of American unity between Northern and Southern states. Due to the ongoing Civil War, the national Thanksgiving date was not realized until Reconstruction was completed in the 1870s.
On December 26, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a joint congressional resolution amending the national Thanksgiving Day from Thursday in November to the fourth Thursday. Two years earlier, Roosevelt had used the presidential proclamation to try to achieve this change, arguing that the holiday's previous celebrations would provide an economic boost to the country.
Maps Thanksgiving
Obedience
Australia
In the outer region of Australia, Norfolk Island, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the last Wednesday of November, similar to the pre-World War II celebrations of America on the last Thursday of each month. This means that the celebration of Norfolk Island is the day before or six days after the obedience of the United States. The holiday was brought to the island by visiting American whalers.
Canada
Thanksgiving (French: l'Action de grÃÆ'Â ce) ), happening on the second Monday of October, is Canada's annual vacation to thank to the close of the harvest season. Although the original actions of Parliament refer to God and the holidays are celebrated in churches, holidays are mostly celebrated in a secular way. Thanksgiving is an official holiday in all provinces in Canada, except New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Although business can remain open in these provinces, holidays remain recognized and celebrated regardless of their status.
Grenada
On the island of West Indians, Grenada, in the Caribbean, there is a national holiday known as Thanksgiving Day which is celebrated on 25 October. Although the name is the same, and is celebrated at about the same time as the American and Canadian versions. Thanksgiving, this holiday has nothing to do with any of these festivities. In contrast, the holiday marked the anniversary of the US-led invasion of the island in 1983, in response to the deposition and execution of prime minister Grenadian socialist Maurice Bishop by the military government from within his own party.
Liberia
In the West African country of Liberia, which began in 1820 with the liberated black slave colonization (Americo-Liberia) of the United States, Thanksgiving was celebrated on the first Thursday of November.
Dutch
Many of the pilgrims who migrated to the Plymouth Plantation have lived in the city of Leiden from 1609-1620, and have recorded their birth, marriage, and death at Pieterskerk (Saint Peter's church). To commemorate this, a non-denominational Thanksgiving Day service is held every year on the morning of the American Thanksgiving Day at Pieterskerk, the Gothic church in Leiden, noting the hospitality the Pilgrims receive in Leiden on the way to the New World.
In addition, Thanksgiving was observed by orthodox Protestant churches in the Netherlands on the first Wednesday of November (Dankdag). This is not a public holiday. Those who observe the good day just go to church at night or take a day off and go to church in the morning (and sometimes afternoon) too.
Philippines
The Philippines, while it was an American colony in the first half of the 20th century, celebrated Thanksgiving as a special public holiday on the same day as America. During the Japanese occupation during World War II, both America and the Philippines celebrated Thanksgiving in secret. After the Japanese withdrawal in 1945, the tradition continued until 1965. It was revived by President Ferdinand Marcos, but on every September 21, when martial law was imposed in the country. After Marcos's expulsion in 1986, the tradition no longer continued. Due to the existence of BPO - Business Process Outsourcing since 2001, this tradition continues for local workers who join their American employers.
Saint Lucia
Saint Lucia's nation celebrates Thanksgiving on the first Monday of October.
United States
Thanksgiving, which is currently celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November by federal law in 1941, has become an annual tradition in the United States by the presidential proclamation since 1863 and by state law since the Founding Fathers of the United States. Historically, Thanksgiving has traditionally been a celebration thanks to this year, including the harvest. What Americans call "Holiday Season" generally begins with Thanksgiving.
Judaism
In Reform Judaism, there is no obstacle to celebrating Thanksgiving, as it is considered a secular celebration rather than religious or non-Jewish. In Orthodox Jews, too, many Rabbis allow or even encourage Thanksgiving.
Similar holidays
German
The Harvest Thanksgiving Festival, Erntedankfest, is a popular German Christian festival in early October. The festival has a significant religious component, and unlike North American counterparts, it usually does not include a big dinner. Many churches are decorated with autumn harvest, beautifully arranged in front of the altar. In some places, there is a religious procession or parade. Many Bavarian beer festivals, such as the Munich Oktoberfest, take place around Erntedankfest.
The United States has observed German-American Days annually on October 6, around Erntedankfest, from 1883 to early 1910, then back from 1983 to the present day.
Japanese
Thanksgiving Day Labor ( ?????? , Kinr? Kansha no Hi ) is a national holiday in Japan. This happens every year on 23 November. The holiday-setting law, adopted during the American occupation after World War II, cited it as an opportunity to commemorate labor and production and give each other thanks. It has roots in ancient Shinto harvesting ceremonies ( Niiname-sai ( ??? ) ).
United Kingdom
The Harvest Festival of Thanksgiving has no official date in the United Kingdom, but is traditionally held on or near the Sunday of the harvest month that happens closest to the autumn equinox. The Thanksgiving harvest in England also has pre-Christian roots when the Saxons will offer the first pile of wheat, wheat, or wheat to a fertility god. When the harvest is finally collected, the community will come together for a harvest dinner. When Christianity arrives in England, many traditions remain, and today the Harvest Festival is marked by churches and schools in late September/early October (same as Canada) by singing, praying and decorating with baskets of food and fruit to celebrate a successful harvest and be thankful. Food collections are usually held which are then given to local charities that help the homeless and those in need.
India
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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